NOVA Clinical Anesthesia Exam 1 Practice

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• What does NCCAA stand for?
• Which component carries exhaled gas away toward the scavenging system in the breathing circuit?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug is designated by the letter S?
• Which events can occur during emergence?
• To place the anesthesia machine in bag-mode ready state, which control should be set?
• Which item is NOT listed as one of the five ASA standard monitors?
• What is the purpose of the adjustable pressure limiting valve (APL) in the breathing circuit?
• Which instrument measures both peak inspiratory pressure and plateau pressure in the breathing circuit?
• Which monitor records the heart's electrical activity during anesthesia?
• What is the characteristic function of variable bypass vaporizers?
• Which of the following is NOT a crystalloid?
• Which stage is associated with medullary depression?
• Which set of drugs is listed under Common induction drugs?
• What should you always ensure is in the operating room prior to the procedure?
• What color is the nitrogen cylinder?
• Microdrip tubing delivers 60 drops per milliliter and is typically used for infusion rates less than 100 milliliters per hour. Which option matches this description?
• Healthy and normal patients correspond to which ASA class?
• What does the second N correspond to in NEALSIVMAN?
• Pipeline gas is typically supplied to anesthesia machines at what pressure?
• What are the types of ventilation used in anesthesia machines?
• Ventilator bellows are designed to deliver which of the following?
• Which temperature monitoring method is described as the most commonly used and as the next best alternative to PA catheter or tympanic measurements?
• Crystalloids include which of the following options?
• Which of the following is NOT among the three volatile liquid anesthetics listed?
• Which sequence correctly lists the four stages of general anesthesia in order?
• The O2 fail-safe activates at what O2 pressure?
• Ventilator controls are used to set which parameters?
• Maintenance losses in perioperative fluid planning are also referred to as?
• Which of the following is an example of a colloid solution?
• Air cylinder color denotes the gas type. What color denotes the air cylinder?
• Endotracheal tube (ETT) corresponds to which type of airway?
• Which component provides a high-flow direct oxygen path into the breathing circuit?
• The APL valve is only used when the bag/ vent switch is set to what position?
• Which component connects the gas cylinder to the anesthesia machine?
• Which label corresponds to Antibiotic in NEALSIVMAN?
• Which of the following is a factor that can affect IV flow rate?
• Which component delivers high-flow oxygen to rapidly fill the reservoir bag or bellows?
• When setting up piggyback IVs, which bag needs to be lower?
• Premedication is used to relieve what?
• A blue cylinder contains which gas?
• Which temperature measurement method is commonly used and serves as the next best option after PA catheter or tympanic?
• What are the end products of the CO2 absorber reaction?
• Which method is considered the most accurate for measuring core temperature overall?
• A SpO2 reading below 94% indicates which condition?
• Which drug corresponds to the letter L in NEALSIVMAN?
• Who first used nitrous oxide as an anesthetic and in what year?
• Which ASA class describes a patient with severe systemic disease that limits activity but is not incapacitating, such as advanced COPD?
• What is the function of unidirectional valves in the breathing system?
• Which component ensures one-way gas flow and prevents backflow in the breathing circuit?
• An emergency operation is required in a patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life (for example, decompensated heart failure). Which designation should be used?
• What is the term for replacing nitrogen in the lungs with oxygen and filling the functional residual capacity with 100% oxygen, typically lasting several minutes?
• Intraoperative surgical losses for a moderate-cholecystectomy are estimated at?
• Lactated Ringers is metabolized to bicarbonate in the liver and may help correct which condition?
• Which monitor among the five basic monitors provides information about ventilation by measuring end-tidal CO2?
• What color is used to designate an 18-gauge IV catheter?
• Which of the following is a main IV complication?
• Which component is responsible for removing CO2 from the breathing circuit?
• Where is an IV generally started?
• What color is used to designate a 22-gauge IV catheter?
• Which device measures tidal volume in the breathing system?
• A gray cylinder contains which gas?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug corresponds to the letter I?
• Which sensor uses electrochemical methods to detect oxygen partial pressure?
• Which drug is assigned to the letter V in NEALSIVMAN?
• Which label corresponds to Narcotic- Fentanyl in NEALSIVMAN?
• What does 'breathing system ready to use' imply?
• A 70-year-old patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that causes dyspnea on exertion but the patient remains ambulatory. Which ASA class applies?
• Acute sequestration in a body compartment not in equilibrium with extracellular fluid is called what?
• The system switch on an anesthesia machine primarily controls what?
• A black cylinder contains which gas?
• Where are flowmeters located in the breathing circuit?
• Methods used to ensure an accurate hourly infusion rate for IV therapy: which is most appropriate?
• Mild to moderate systemic disease corresponds to which ASA class?
• Which chemical equation represents CO2 absorption in the absorber?
• Which component acts as a reservoir of gas and is used for manual ventilation?
• To monitor circulation, which parameters are used?
• EtCO2 stands for which of the following?
• What does the second A correspond to in NEALSIVMAN?
• Which device measures the temperature within the pulmonary artery and is considered the most accurate for this site?
• When did the ASA present CAAs to the AMA Council on Medical Education (CME)?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug corresponds to the letter L?
• What is the process of adding oxygen to the body system called? (rephrased for exam style)
• A patient with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm requiring emergency repair. Which ASA designation with emergency should be used?
• Which set is described as Common induction drugs?
• The phase in which the patient is awakened and consciousness gradually returns is called?
• An otherwise healthy patient with a well-controlled systemic disease requires emergency surgery. Which designation should be used if the patient is ASA II status?
• Which method for pulmonary artery temperature measurement is described as the most accurate?
• What factors determine the choice of maintenance anesthesia technique?
• Intraoperative surgical losses for a minimal-herniorrhaphy are estimated at?
• Which component of the anesthesia machine serves as the gas reservoir and is used for manual ventilation?
• Lactated Ringer's and Normal Saline are examples of which type of solution?
• Which item is essential to include in IV tubing to prevent backflow and air contamination?
• What are the five basic monitors in anesthesia monitoring?
• A green cylinder on the anesthesia system contains which gas?
• Which component connects the fresh gas source to the patient in the circle breathing system?
• Which component allows manual ventilation by squeezing to deliver breaths?
• The two-stage regulator primarily serves to?
• In the breathing system, which component is used for manual ventilation of the patient?
• Which monitor is used to assess ventilation and measure end-tidal CO2?
• What is the normal SpO2 value?
• A 56-year-old patient presents with decompensated heart failure and ongoing chest pain requiring noncardiac surgery. Which ASA class applies?
• Act or process of inhaling and exhaling?
• In the NEALSIVMAN drug acronym, which drug corresponds to the first N?
• Who originally thought nitrous oxide would be useful in anesthesia?
• Crystalloids vs colloids: which statement is true?
• Which device is described as accurately measuring the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
• Which medication category is given preoperatively to decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting through multimodal receptor blockade?
• What is the process of adding oxygen to the body system called?
• Third-space sequestration is associated with which condition?
• What are the four anesthesia techniques?
• What control toggles between manual and mechanical ventilation?
• Which term refers to anesthesia care that involves sedation and analgesia with monitoring?
• In a traditional flowmeter, which direction should you turn the knob to increase the flow of gas?
• Which class of drugs is given preoperatively to relieve pain?
• What color is the helium cylinder?
• Which parameters should be monitored during all anesthetics according to ASA standards?
• Which drug in NEALSIVMAN is a local anesthetic?
• Which action should be taken with vaporizers during final machine readiness?
• What is the function of the O2 flush button on an anesthesia machine?
• Which instrument measures peak inspiratory pressure and plateau pressure?
• Which component provides high-flow oxygen by bypassing the vaporizers and delivering gas directly to the circuit?
• What is the estimated intraoperative fluid loss for a severe bowel resection?
• Which vaporizer design is capable of delivering a constant concentration of anesthetic gas regardless of temperature or flow?
• In the CO2 absorber, CO2 chemically combines with water to form which compound?
• What are the three stages of anesthesia?
• What is the primary function of the CO2 absorber in the anesthesia machine?
• Which preoxygenation FiO2 target is described as being used to fill the lungs before induction?
• What color is the oxygen cylinder?
• What term describes keeping the patient asleep during the operation?
• Which method measures temperature of the carotid artery and is considered the most accurate?
• Which stage is associated with retching and a warning not to extubate?
• What is the normal range for end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2)?
• Which device reduces high gas pressure from cylinders to a safe operating level (below 50 psig) in modern anesthesia machines?
• A patient who recently had a myocardial infarction within the past 3 months with ongoing cardiac ischemia scheduled for noncardiac surgery. Which ASA class applies?
• In the NEALSIVMAN acronym, which drug corresponds to the letter E?
• What is the function of the expiratory limb of the breathing circuit?
• During which stage is unconscious with no pain reflexes and regular respiration?
• Which of the following is NOT a Colloid?
• What methods can be used to maintain anesthesia?
• Which solid salt is formed as an end product of the CO2 absorber reaction?
• D5NS is an example of which IV fluid category?
• A pregnant woman with obesity undergoes elective surgery; the systemic disease is well controlled. Which ASA class applies?
• Which gauge indicates the pressure of the gas in the auxiliary oxygen cylinder when in use?
• Which device controls gas flow from the machine using a constant pressure with a variable orifice?
• The alternate O2 control is designed to provide what?
• Which category includes albuterol nebulizer treatments given pre-operatively?
• In the ABL equation, what is the expression used to calculate the value?
• Which stage is the period of waking and regaining consciousness?
• A patient is brain-dead and is being maintained for organ harvesting. Which ASA class applies?
• Which stage requires ventilation due to respiratory and cardiovascular depression?
• Which stage involves the patient being put to sleep and may involve securing the airway and administering drugs to help the patient lose consciousness quickly and smoothly?
• Unidirectional valves are a feature of which anesthesia system?
• Lactated Ringers contains which electrolytes?
• Which of the following is not one of the three classic stages of anesthesia?
• EtCO2 values are reported in which unit?
• Where and when was the first AA educational program created?
• A patient with end-stage renal disease on dialysis with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, currently stable. Which ASA class applies?
• What is the gold standard for assessing ventilation?
• Colloid solutions are indicated when more rapid hemodynamic equilibrium is required in conjunction with crystalloids. Which description best defines colloids?
• The O2 fail-safe automatically cuts off which gas lines if the O2 pressure falls below a safe threshold?
• Which sensors use galvanic cells or Clarke electrodes to measure oxygen partial pressure?
• A brown cylinder contains which gas?
• In emergence from anesthesia, reversal of neuromuscular blockade is best achieved with which agent?
• During final preparation, what should be the APL valve position?
• Which drug class is given preoperatively to relieve anxiety and provide antegrade amnesia?
• What is the recommended cylinder pressure (psig) for oxygen delivery?
• What does the Pin Index Safety System stand for?
• Which setting is used when the anesthesia machine is in bag mode with no fresh gas flow?
• Mild systemic disease that does not limit activity, such as well-controlled asthma. Which ASA class applies?
• What does the Diameter Index Safety System stand for?
• The O2 fail-safe is intended to prevent delivery of hypoxic gas mixtures by what action when O2 pressure falls?
• In NEALSIVMAN, which drug corresponds to the first A?
• Macrodrip tubing delivers typically 10-15 drops per milliliter and is used for infusion rates greater than 100 milliliters per hour. Which option matches this description?
• Which agent is indicated for induction in the NEALSIVMAN mapping?
• A moribund patient is scheduled for surgery and is not expected to survive without the operation. Which ASA class applies?
• Which component connects the gas hose to the wall outlet and the anesthesia machine?
• Which gauge has the larger diameter: 14 or 21?
• Which stage includes decreased awareness of pain and amnesia?
• In the circle breathing system, which component is the inspiratory limb that delivers fresh gas from the source to the patient?
• What condition can occur if the pressure gauge reads less than 0 or greater than 45?
• When was the National Commission on Certification for Anesthesiologist Assistants (NCCAA) formed?
• Which device creates a pressure gradient between the proximal airway and the alveoli and uses an oxygen-powered bellows to expel anesthetic gases into the circuit?
• What mixture will most anesthesia machines deliver?
• What is the purpose of IV induction in anesthesia?
• Vaporizer placement in relation to the fresh gas path is designed to ensure?
• Which component provides the anesthesia system display?
• Which drug corresponds to the letter M in NEALSIVMAN?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a vaporizer in the material?
• SpO2 measures what aspect of oxygen in the blood?
• Who was the first to use Nitrous Oxide in the anesthesia arena?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug corresponds to the letter M?
• What acronym is used to remember intraoperative drugs in this material?
• Which stage is defined by the ongoing administration of anesthetics to maintain unconsciousness?
• Which gases are typically supplied to the anesthesia machine's gas lines?
• Which vein is the preferred IV access site in trauma patients because it accommodates a large bore catheter and is generally easy to catheterize?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the five basic monitors?
• Which category describes pre-operative deficits in perioperative fluid planning?
• The reservoir bag in the breathing system is primarily used for?
• Which stage features delirium and excitation, retching, and irregular respiration?
• Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) corresponds to which type of airway?
• A healthy 25-year-old non-smoker with no systemic disease is scheduled for elective surgery. Which ASA physical status class applies?
• Which instrument measures cylinder pressure in an anesthesia gas delivery system?
• Emergency surgery for a patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life. Which designation applies?
• What color is used to designate a 20-gauge IV catheter?
• Which component is used for manual ventilation by squeezing to deliver gas to the patient?
• Which component adds anesthetic vapor to the inspired gas stream?
• In what year was the American Academy of Anesthesiologist Assistants organized?
• What are the three volatile liquid anesthetics?
• How does needle gauge relate to diameter?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug corresponds to the letter V?
• In the NEALSIVMAN mapping, which drug corresponds to the letter S?
• 1 liter of water is given to the patient for every X kilograms of body weight. What is X?
• A 60-year-old patient has well-controlled hypertension and obesity with no functional limitations. Which ASA class applies?
• In the circle breathing system, which component houses the absorbent that removes CO2?
• Which device measures the pressure exerted on arterial walls during systole and diastole, preferably automatically?
• What is the preferred gas delivery system in modern anesthesia practice?
• According to ASA guidelines, what is the most important monitor during anesthesia?
• The vaporizer component in an anesthesia machine serves to?
• What color is the carbon dioxide cylinder?
• What color is the nitrous oxide cylinder?
• Which device is used to limit the maximum airway pressure in the breathing circuit?
• What is a primary reason for establishing IV access in perioperative care?
• What are the types of vaporizers used in anesthesia equipment?
• Which component is responsible for delivering anesthetic gases to the patient by generating breaths using oxygen-powered bellows?
• Which airway device is described as giving an unsecured airway?
• Fluids travel fastest through which type of needle?
• What is the primary purpose of the on/off switch on the anesthesia machine?
• Which component meters the flow of gases such as oxygen and nitrous oxide to the breathing circuit?
• During the first three hours of fluid replacement, how should the preoperative deficit be addressed?
• Crystalloid solutions are generally adequate for most fluid management because they are composed of...
• Which component is bypassed when using the O2 flush valve?
• Between 1 1/3 inch and 2 inch IV catheters, which length provides faster administration?
• Colloids include which of the following?
• Lactated Ringers is classified as which type of IV fluid?
• Which gauge on the anesthesia machine indicates the supply pressure from the hospital pipeline?
• What neutralizes carbonic acid in the CO2 absorber?
• Integrated suction in the anesthesia machine is used to?
• Which meds are used to rapidly induce unconsciousness and facilitate instrumentation of the airway via IV induction?